| OECD average | 501 |
| Shanghai-China | 580 |
| Hong Kong-China | 555 |
| Singapore | 551 |
| Japan | 547 |
| Asian Americans | 546 |
| Finland | 545 |
| Estonia | 541 |
| Korea, Republic of | 538 |
| White Americans | 528 |
| Vietnam | 528 |
| Massachusetts All Races | 527 |
| Poland | 526 |
| Canada | 525 |
| Liechtenstein | 525 |
| Germany | 524 |
| Chinese Taipei | 523 |
| Netherlands | 522 |
| Ireland | 522 |
| Connecticut All Races | 521 |
| Australia | 521 |
| Macao-China | 521 |
| New Zealand | 516 |
| Switzerland | 515 |
| Slovenia | 514 |
| United Kingdom | 514 |
| Multiracial Americans | 511 |
| Czech Republic | 508 |
| Austria | 506 |
| Belgium | 505 |
| Latvia | 502 |
| France | 499 |
| Denmark | 498 |
| United States | 497 |
| Spain | 496 |
| Lithuania | 496 |
| Norway | 495 |
| Hungary | 494 |
| Italy | 494 |
| Croatia | 491 |
| Luxembourg | 491 |
| Portugal | 489 |
| Russian Federation | 486 |
| Florida All Races | 485 |
| Sweden | 485 |
| Iceland | 478 |
| Slovak Republic | 471 |
| Israel | 470 |
| Greece | 467 |
| Turkey | 463 |
| Hispanic Americans | 462 |
| United Arab Emirates | 448 |
| Bulgaria | 446 |
| Chile | 445 |
| Serbia, Republic of | 445 |
| Thailand | 444 |
| African Americans | 439 |
| Romania | 439 |
| Cyprus | 438 |
| Costa Rica | 429 |
| Kazakhstan | 425 |
| Malaysia | 420 |
| Uruguay | 416 |
| Mexico | 415 |
| Montenegro, Republic of | 410 |
| Jordan | 409 |
| Argentina | 406 |
| Brazil | 405 |
| Colombia | 399 |
| Tunisia | 398 |
| Albania | 397 |
| Qatar | 384 |
| Indonesia | 382 |
| Peru | 373 |
Showing posts with label PISA. Show all posts
Showing posts with label PISA. Show all posts
December 3, 2013
PISA science scores by race
From the federal National Center for Education Statistics, here are 2012 Science Literacy PISA scores for 15-year-olds, breaking out Americans by race:
Asian Americans did about average for wealthy Northeast Asians, white Americans beat all traditionally white countries except Finland and Estonia, Latino Americans beat all Latin American countries, and African Americans likely would have beaten all majority black countries by a comfortable margin.
What are the trends in U.S. PISA scores?
Scores for 65 countries (or "economies") are now out from the OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). How have scores in the U.S. changed since PISA got going in 2000?
From the federal NCES explorer tool for PISA scores:
| Subject | 2000 | 2003 | 2006 | 2009 | 2012 |
| Mathematics | † | 483 | 474 | 487 | 481 |
| Science | † | † | 489 | 502 | 497 |
| Reading | 504 | 495 | ― | 500 | 498 |
Scores were down slightly in 2012 versus 2009, but they had been higher in 2009 than in preceding years (when, unfortunately, not all three subjects had been tested). Overall, 2012 scores look about the same as 21st Century scores in general, with no consistent trends visible in any subject.
So, that's kind of boring. The reason I mention it is because PISA results usually lead to great wailing and gnashing of teeth about Decline, etc.
PISA tests are scored like SATs with 500 as the intended mean for wealthy OECD countries (it usually slips below that) and a standard deviation of 100. So a 400 is at the 16th percentile for the OECD and 600 at the 84th percentile.
For more postings devoted to analyzing PISA scores, click on Labels: PISA below.
PISA reading scores by race: America does pretty well
On the international PISA tests in 2012, American 15-year-olds tended to do best on Reading Literacy, medium on Science Literacy, and worst on Mathematics Literacy. I have no idea whether that's for real or just a reflection of the difficulties of translating PISA tests into dozens of languages and making them equally hard in all. Here's our strong suit Reading, with American racial groups broken out according to the federal governments National Center for Education Statistics website for exploring the new PISA data:
| OECD average | 496 |
| Shanghai-China | 570 |
| Asian Americans | 550 |
| Hong Kong-China | 545 |
| Singapore | 542 |
| Japan | 538 |
| Korea, Republic of | 536 |
| Massachusetts All Races | 527 |
| Finland | 524 |
| Ireland | 523 |
| Chinese Taipei | 523 |
| Canada | 523 |
| Connecticut All Races | 521 |
| White Americans | 519 |
| Poland | 518 |
| Multiracial Americans | 517 |
| Estonia | 516 |
| Liechtenstein | 516 |
| New Zealand | 512 |
| Australia | 512 |
| Netherlands | 511 |
| Belgium | 509 |
| Switzerland | 509 |
| Macao-China | 509 |
| Vietnam | 508 |
| Germany | 508 |
| France | 505 |
| Norway | 504 |
| United Kingdom | 499 |
| United States | 498 |
| Denmark | 496 |
| Czech Republic | 493 |
| Florida All Races | 492 |
| Italy | 490 |
| Austria | 490 |
| Latvia | 489 |
| Hungary | 488 |
| Spain | 488 |
| Luxembourg | 488 |
| Portugal | 488 |
| Israel | 486 |
| Croatia | 485 |
| Sweden | 483 |
| Iceland | 483 |
| Slovenia | 481 |
| Hispanic Americans | 478 |
| Lithuania | 477 |
| Greece | 477 |
| Turkey | 475 |
| Russian Federation | 475 |
| Slovak Republic | 463 |
| Cyprus | 449 |
| Serbia, Republic of | 446 |
| African Americans | 443 |
| United Arab Emirates | 442 |
| Chile | 441 |
| Thailand | 441 |
| Costa Rica | 441 |
| Romania | 438 |
| Bulgaria | 436 |
| Mexico | 424 |
| Montenegro, Republic of | 422 |
| Uruguay | 411 |
| Brazil | 410 |
| Tunisia | 404 |
| Colombia | 403 |
| Jordan | 399 |
| Malaysia | 398 |
| Indonesia | 396 |
| Argentina | 396 |
| Albania | 394 |
| Kazakhstan | 393 |
| Qatar | 388 |
| Peru | 384 |
In reading, Asian Americans beat all Asian countries, and trailed only the prosperous city of Shanghai.
White Americans came in fourth among historically white countries, behind only Finland, Ireland, and Canada. White Americans beat a couple of dozen historically white countries wealthy enough to belong to the OECD. Of course, most of these aren't as white as they used to be anymore.
Hispanic Americans beat all eight Latin American countries.
African Americans didn't have any competition from predominantly black counties in Africa or the West Indies, but it's worth noting that African Americans beat all eight Latin American countries.
Keep in mind that this is just in Reading, which American tends to do better in than Math or Science.
Keep in mind that Americans spend a huge amount of money on education.
For more postings devoted to analyzing PISA scores, click the Labels: PISA below.
Keep in mind that Americans spend a huge amount of money on education.
For more postings devoted to analyzing PISA scores, click the Labels: PISA below.
PISA Racial results for Americans on Math
With PISA results being released today, you are going to hear a lot about how stupid American 15-year-olds are, but smart analysts remember to always adjust for race.
From the federal National Center for Education Statistics, a breakdown of 2012 PISA math scores showing how Americans of different races compare to the world. PISA scores are much like SAT scores, with an intended mean of 500 for the OECD (i.e., rich) countries and a standard deviation of 100. On PISA, Math is America's worst subject (Reading is its best).
From the federal NCES, a breakdown of 2012 PISA math scores for American students by race:
Tech note: I imputed Asian and Multiracial percentages below Level I and Multiracial percentage in Level 6, which were left out of report due to small samples sizes.
For more postings devoted to analyzing PISA scores, click the Labels: PISA below.
From the federal National Center for Education Statistics, a breakdown of 2012 PISA math scores showing how Americans of different races compare to the world. PISA scores are much like SAT scores, with an intended mean of 500 for the OECD (i.e., rich) countries and a standard deviation of 100. On PISA, Math is America's worst subject (Reading is its best).
| OECD average | 494 |
| Shanghai-China | 613 |
| Singapore | 573 |
| Hong Kong-China | 561 |
| Chinese Taipei | 560 |
| Korea, Republic of | 554 |
| Asian-Americans | 549 |
| Macao-China | 538 |
| Japan | 536 |
| Liechtenstein | 535 |
| Switzerland | 531 |
| Netherlands | 523 |
| Estonia | 521 |
| Finland | 519 |
| Canada | 518 |
| Poland | 518 |
| Belgium | 515 |
| Massachusetts-All Races | 514 |
| Germany | 514 |
| Vietnam | 511 |
| White Americans | 506 |
| Connecticut-All Races | 506 |
| Austria | 506 |
| Australia | 504 |
| Ireland | 501 |
| Slovenia | 501 |
| Denmark | 500 |
| New Zealand | 500 |
| Czech Republic | 499 |
| France | 495 |
| OECD Average | 494 |
| United Kingdom | 494 |
| Iceland | 493 |
| Multiracial Americans | 492 |
| Latvia | 491 |
| Luxembourg | 490 |
| Norway | 489 |
| Portugal | 487 |
| Italy | 485 |
| Spain | 484 |
| Russian Federation | 482 |
| Slovak Republic | 482 |
| United States | 481 |
| Lithuania | 479 |
| Sweden | 478 |
| Hungary | 477 |
| Croatia | 471 |
| Florida-All Races | 467 |
| Israel | 466 |
| Hispanic Americans | 455 |
| Greece | 453 |
| Serbia, Republic of | 449 |
| Turkey | 448 |
| Romania | 445 |
| Cyprus | 440 |
| Bulgaria | 439 |
| United Arab Emirates | 434 |
| Kazakhstan | 432 |
| Thailand | 427 |
| Chile | 423 |
| African Americans | 421 |
| Malaysia | 421 |
| Mexico | 413 |
| Montenegro, Republic of | 410 |
| Uruguay | 409 |
| Costa Rica | 407 |
| Albania | 394 |
| Brazil | 391 |
| Argentina | 388 |
| Tunisia | 388 |
| Jordan | 386 |
| Colombia | 376 |
| Qatar | 376 |
| Indonesia | 375 |
| Peru | 368 |
From the federal NCES, a breakdown of 2012 PISA math scores for American students by race:
Below
level 1
|
Level 1
|
Level 2
|
Level 3
|
Level 4
|
Level 5
|
Level 6
|
|
< 358
|
< 421
|
< 483
|
< 555
|
< 607
|
< 670
|
>= 670
|
|
| Race/ethnicity |
%
|
%
|
%
|
%
|
%
|
%
|
%
|
| OECD average |
8.0
|
15.0
|
22.5
|
23.7
|
18.2
|
9.3
|
3.3
|
| U.S. average |
8.0
|
17.9
|
26.3
|
23.3
|
15.8
|
6.6
|
2.2
|
White
|
3.6
|
11.5
|
25.0
|
27.8
|
20.3
|
8.8
|
3.0
|
Black
|
21.0
|
32.0
|
25.3
|
14.0
|
6.7
|
1.0
|
‡
|
| Hispanic |
10.8
|
24.2
|
30.2
|
20.3
|
10.2
|
3.5
|
0.7
|
Asian
|
‡
|
5.4
|
15.6
|
23.6
|
28.1
|
16.1
|
9.0
|
Multiracial
|
‡
|
17.1
|
29.6
|
23.3
|
16.4
|
7.7
|
‡
|
| Cumulative: Bottom Up | |||||||
OECD average
|
8.0
|
23.0
|
45.5
|
69.2
|
87.4
|
96.7
|
100.0
|
U.S. average
|
8.0
|
25.8
|
52.1
|
75.4
|
91.2
|
97.8
|
100.0
|
White
|
3.6
|
15.1
|
40.1
|
67.9
|
88.2
|
97.0
|
100.0
|
Black
|
21.0
|
53.0
|
78.3
|
92.3
|
99.0
|
100.0
|
100.0
|
Hispanic
|
10.8
|
35.0
|
65.2
|
85.5
|
95.7
|
99.2
|
99.9
|
Asian
|
2.2
|
7.6
|
23.2
|
46.8
|
74.9
|
91.0
|
100.0
|
Multiracial
|
3.0
|
23.0
|
52.6
|
75.9
|
92.3
|
97.1
|
100.0
|
| Cumulative: Top Down | |||||||
| OECD average |
100.0
|
92.0
|
77.0
|
54.5
|
30.8
|
12.6
|
3.3
|
U.S. average
|
100.0
|
92.0
|
74.2
|
47.9
|
24.6
|
8.8
|
2.2
|
White
|
100.0
|
96.4
|
84.9
|
59.9
|
32.1
|
11.8
|
3.0
|
Black
|
100.0
|
79.0
|
47.0
|
21.7
|
7.7
|
1.0
|
0.0
|
Hispanic
|
99.9
|
89.1
|
64.9
|
34.7
|
14.4
|
4.2
|
0.7
|
Asian
|
100.0
|
97.8
|
92.4
|
76.8
|
53.2
|
25.1
|
9.0
|
Multiracial
|
100.0
|
94.1
|
77.0
|
47.4
|
24.1
|
7.7
|
0.0
|
Tech note: I imputed Asian and Multiracial percentages below Level I and Multiracial percentage in Level 6, which were left out of report due to small samples sizes.
For more postings devoted to analyzing PISA scores, click the Labels: PISA below.
Pisa Day: Test fever causes low Asian fertility
In the Telegraph:
OECD educational report: Pisa fever is causing east Asia's demographic collapse
By Ambrose Evans-Pritchard Politics and society Last updated: December 3rd, 2013
Britain's poor scores in the Pisa education league are of course shameful. We should be doing as well as the Netherlands, our close cultural kin.
But before we all flagellate ourselves – let alone think of copying the Shanghai success formula – just remember one thing. There is a body of scholarship showing that the collapse of the fertility rate to dangerously low levels across east Asia is the direct consequence of school cramming and "education fever".
This is well-known to demographers and those who follow the Far East closely, but less known in the West. This paper for example on Korea:
In this paper we argue that East Asia’s ultra-low fertility rates can be partially explained by the steadfast parental drive to have competitive and successful children…
Obsession with education in Korea has become an integral part of contemporary Korean culture and affects all aspects of social life. Deeply rooted Confucian values stress education as the best way for achieving high social status and economic prosperity. A collapse of the hierarchical social class system coupled with egalitarian ideas from the West have created the notion that any Korean child can achieve personal advancement, economic prosperity, and social mobility through education. Korean parents widely recognise this and see it as their duty to provide their children with the proper educational resources and support in order to produce successful and competitive children. In the mid-1970s as part of their family planning project, even the Korean government adopted the notion of “quality over quantity” with colourful and creative “population propaganda” exclaiming: “Daughter or son, let's not think about which. Just have two and raise them well”.
The CIA World FactBook says fertility rates have fallen to: Hong Kong (1.04), Singapore (1.10), Taiwan (1.15), Japan (1.20), Korea (1.22). These figures may be a little too low. Japan and Singapore have seen a small bounce lately.
... Since Asia's demographic crisis is a much bigger threat to economic development and social stability than a few points here or there on the Pisa rankings, you really have to wonder whether we should be worshipping at this altar. I strongly suspect that the whole Pisa initiative will be discredited over the next decade, and may perhaps be viewed as extremely foolish.
Now, if we could just induce a Quality Over Quantity mindset in Mali ...
For more postings devoted to analyzing PISA scores, click the Labels: PISA below.
PISA day
Scores have been released for the 2012 PISA tests of most of the rich OECD countries and some poorer countries. North East Asians on top as usual, then Europeans, then various kinds of Third Worlders. The 2012 test emphasizes Math, while 2009 emphasizes Reading in which the U.S. scores well, so the U.S. is trailing most Western Europeans and appears to have regressed back toward its long term mean after a high-scoring 2009. Finland fell back to Earth after a long spell on top of Europe.
One interesting is on p. 10-11 which gives math scores for some subregions of various countries, such as Massachusetts, Connecticut and Florida in the U.S. (No surprises there in terms of rank order of those three states.) Also broken out are Australia, Italy, Spain (isn't Extremadura the coolest name?), Mexico, and Brazil.
The Italian results are pretty funny. The top four are Trento, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Veneto, and Lombardia. The bottom scorers are names familiar from gangster movies: Campania (Naples), Sicilia, and Calabria (the toe of the boot).
The highest scoring Mexican state is Aguascaliente in north-central Mexico. From Wikipedia:
More than two thirds of the local population of Aguascalientes is 78% European descent, mostly Spanish and French with settlement of French troops in the Valley of Huajucar during the Second Mexican Empire. Many Hidrocalidos trace their lineage back to Germany and the Netherlands, due to the settlement of various Mennonite communities, but also Italian, Russian, Polish, Swedish, German, Greek, and Romanian due to the high number of refugees who came to the state during World War II, 19% mestizo (mixed Amerindian-European), 2% Asian (mostly Japanese and Korean due to the rapid growth in Nissan production with the opening of a new factory in the state. .[10]
Second place in Mexico was Nuevo Leon (Monterrey). From Wikipedia:
Regarding ethnicity, the state has one of the highest white populations, a trend very apparent in Mexico's northern region. The majority of the people within the state are of Spanish, French, or German descent. Mestizos are also dominant in the state.
Third was Jalisco (Guadalajara).
Lowest scoring Mexican state is Guerrero on the Pacific (Acapulco), which has a high-proportion of non-Spanish speaking Indios.
For more postings devoted to analyzing PISA scores, click the Labels: PISA below.
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