November 29, 2006

How the printing press made nationalism feasible

From Nick Szabo's Unenumerated blog:

Before book consciousness there had been no national languages, but only a range of often mutually incomprehensible dialects and in Western Europe the language of the tiny literate elite, Latin. With newly unified national vernaculars, organizations were able to coordinate and grow in an unprecedented manner. A much larger group of people, raised on the same written language, increasingly also came to look and speak similarly and become far more mutually trusted. It was the birth of national loyalty and nationwide webs of trust. The "tribe" to which we are instinctively loyal vastly increased in size.

The pool of already somewhat trusted "same tribe" people from which a bureaucracy could recruit new members vastly increased. National polities and militaries were able to coordinate political, economic, and battlefield strategies in an unprecedented manner. The 16th century saw the first major growth of the joint-stock corporation, enabling far more capital to be invested in the enlarging organizations that engaged in mining and manufacture as well as government and conquest. This development is probably a response to the new ability to form larger organizations, since the basic ideas (corporate law, shares of stock, etc.) had already been in use in Europe for quite some time.

Going along with this was the emergence of "national bards," beginning with Dante, who made the Florentine dialect the national version of Italian.

Europe ended up with a bunch of mid-sized nation states united by language, which proved about the right size for many tasks. Unfortunately, Europe's nation-states proved most effective of all at self-sacrificial war, and mutually exhausted themselves in WWI, discrediting nationalism, which had otherwise proved the most effective framework for human progress. (Similarly, the Chinese progressed the fastest during the Warring States era, which ended with the formation of the Empire 2200 years ago.)

In contrast, the Arab world shunned printing presses for hundreds of years. And, due to the sacred nature of the Arab language, the rise of national languages was largely prevented. So, the Arabs didn't really develop the nation-state. The pan-Arab or pan-Islamic caliphate remained attractive in theory, while, in reality, tribal and family struggles occupied their energies.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

Dog Bites Man

From the New York Times:

Lawyers Debate Why Blacks Lag at Major Firms
By ADAM LIPTAK

Thanks to vigorous recruiting and pressure from corporate clients, black lawyers are well represented now among new associates at the nation’s most prestigious law firms. But they remain far less likely to stay at the firms or to make partner than their white counterparts.

A recent study says grades help explain the gap. To ensure diversity among new associates, the study found, elite law firms hire minority lawyers with, on average, much lower grades than white ones. That may, the study says, set them up to fail.

The study, which was prepared by Richard H. Sander, a law professor at the University of California, Los Angeles, and was published in The North Carolina Law Review in July, has given rise to fierce and growing criticism in law review articles and in the legal press. In an opinion article in The National Law Journal this month, for instance, R. Bruce McClean, the chairman of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld, a major law firm, took issue with the study’s “sweeping conclusions” but not its “detailed data analysis.”


This is all utterly predictable from even a cursory knowledge of how the IQ bell curve works.

In the tournament to become a partner in a lucrative law firm, there are five hurdles, two of which have been corrupted by affirmative action and three of which are more meritocratic. Admission to law school and hiring by big firms is driven by quotas (just don't use the word "quotas," as the Supreme Court, in its majestic wisdom ruled in the Bakke law school admission case of 1977). In contrast, graduating from law school and making partner are less influenced by racial preferences, and passing the state bar exam remains, so far as I know, wholly objective.

In other words, there are some goodies the white elite is comfortable handing out using quotas, and others they feel are just too important to mess with.

Not surprisingly, affirmative action at the admissions and hiring levels lure in blacks who are less likely to make it over the meritocratic hurdles. Sander has shown that 53% of the black students who enter law school fail to become lawyers, versus 24% of white students. This is a really stupid way for society to misdirect and abuse its scarce resource of intelligent young black people.

The outcome for black lawyers hired by hotshot law firms who are in over the heads competing to become partner might be less dire, however, because affirmative action is also in operation in corporate law departments. So, if you start off working 70 hours a week at a Manhattan law firm, but soon realize that you aren't smart enough to make it to partner, well, that job offer to go work at Coca-Cola's legal department in Atlanta can start looking pretty good.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

Polonium Poisoning Update: The Mysterious Professor Scaramella of Naples

This is getting pretty funny. Apparently, the man Alexander Litvinenko was having lunch with at the sushi bar where he was poisoned was Professor Mario Scaramella, a Neapolitan formerly of Bogota, is an expert on radioactive poisons, KGB agents, the Mafia, and who know what else…

Professor Scaramella of Naples -- is that the greatest name for a shady character in a tale of international intrigue and poison? It sounds like Arthur Conan-Doyle and Ian Fleming teamed up to create the good professor.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

Dog and Man at Yale

A reader writes:

Nice story on NOVA last night about the evolution of Dogs and Man at Yale. Most interesting points for me were

1) how selection for tameness ended up yielding, as a surprise by-product, extraordinary variety of weird appearance characteristics in dogs, and

2) how man developed superb sniffers, hunters, runners, pointers, herders, etc., not by deliberately breeding in the modern sense, but simply by inevitably shaping the social environment, mostly food supply and mating chances, of the nearby hounds.

All implications for human evolution were passed over until a final bit on how dogs may help us identify genes for human narcolepsy and other genetic diseases.

And the Victorian invention of deliberate inbreeding for pure appearance, not performance, was characterized as "racist eugenics," of course.

Greg Cochran's theory is that just as selecting for new personality traits in wild animals that you are trying to domesticate often introduces new physical looks, the famous diversity of looks among Europeans (red and blond hair, blue, gray, and green eyes) are by-products of natural selection for new personality traits favorable to survival in Europe. Blue eyes, for example, might possibly be a by-product of selection for something like shyness.

Most theories of European hair and eye color focus on sexual selection (like the peacock's tale) rather than natural selection, but Cochran says he is averse to thinking about sexual selection on the grounds that it too often turns out to be a conceptual dead end. It's too random. Clearly, examples of sexual selection exist now and then, but Cochran believes that relying on sexual selection for explanations encourages lazy thinking, a little like in the Stanley Harris cartoon where a scientist has filled the left and right sides of the blackboard with equations but in the middle he has only written "A miracle happens here."

I'm not sure I agree, but, generally speaking, disagreeing with Cochran is not typically a winning strategy.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

Blind kid uses echolocation to navigate

This TV news clip of a blind 14 year old African-American who listens to echoes from his tongue clicks to avoid running into things is fun to watch, especially the part where in a pillow fight he hurls a throw pillow across the room at the TV announcer man and -- bullseye -- nails him right in the crotch.

According to the movie "Ray," Ray Charles didn't need a cane because he always wore hard-soled shoes and the echoes were enough for him to avoid obstacles. Of course, it helps if your brain is wired for sound like Ray Charles's was.

Wikipedia has a short article on "Human Echolocation." The tongue-clicking makes me wonder if the famous click languages of the Bushmen, Hottentot, and two black African tribes had something to do at one time with echolocation, although I've never heard that. Perhaps it could be useful to echolocate to avoid stumbling into things while walking on moonless nights, especially in forests where there is no starlight and lots of tree trunks to run into. The Bushmen generally don't lived in heavily forested country today, but they've been around an awfully long time, so we shouldn't assume they never did. But it can be very dangerous to walk around at night in leopard country, so maybe people just stayed put.

My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

November 28, 2006

More on natural selection of New World blacks

A reader writes:

According to Galenson, the mortality rate on slave ships (a little more than 10% for both Slaves and Europeans) was constant per time unit regardless of the length of the journey. That is about 2 per 1000 per day died. More would die in longer journeys, but only proportionally. The incremental difference between other stops and Jamaica should therefore be all but negligible.

The fact that the European crew died at such a high rate (ships with only whites tended to have 4-5% mortality rate) indicates it was the mixing of disease that was the main cause, not “harshness” of the journey per say. The slaves for example had enough food, so testosterone would not help the strong ones get more than the weak.

Many more slaves tended to die when the ships contained slaves from different regions. Again disease is the likely cause. I guess testosterone increases immune defence somewhat. But the direct selection for disease immunity most be vastly more important than testosterone in the selection.

Another writes:

But in the larger picture, what Aiken is pointing to is being a slave was a new evolutionary environment. He's focusing only on the flashy middle passage environment, to be sure. But it seems to me that even once they got off the boat, the slaves were facing a distinctly harsher environment (in many ways) than they had in West Africa. If it is true that being a slave in the West Indies was different in terms of what was "fit" from being a random peon in West Africa, then we should expect natural selection to differentiate the populations. A selection bottleneck which selected along the same lines would, in this case, speed the process along.

Rather than the middle passage, what I think may be more important was the astounding death rates the slaves had even once here. Consider this:

"By the middle of the 17th century, British Jamaica and French Saint-Domingue had become the largest and most brutal slave societies of the region, rivaling Brazil as a destination for enslaved Africans. The death rates for black slaves in these islands were higher than birth rates. The decrease averaged about 3 percent per year in Jamaica and 4 percent a year in the smaller islands. The main causes for this were overwork and malnutrition. Slaves worked from sun up until sun down in harsh conditions and supervised under demanding masters, with little medical care. Slaves also had poor living conditions and consequently they contracted many diseases."

A 4% per year decrease in population is an impressively powerful selection environment!

Right. The sugar plantation regions of Brazil and the West Indies were much more deadly than the tobacco plantation region of Virginia. The sugar growers worked slaves to death and replaced them with cheap imports from across the Atlantic.

It was more expensive to import slaves all the way to Virginia. Plus, the climate was quite healthful for Africans -- cooler than the tropics, so tropical diseases were less virulent, but not frigid, so Africans didn't suffer as much from respiratory diseases in Virginia as they did in New England. So, Virginia slaveowners had economic incentives to make sure that the birth rate was higher than the death rate among their slaves. (By the time the deep Southern cotton belt opened up fully, the slave trade had been outlawed, so American owners still had an incentive to care for the health of their slaves.)

Off the top of my head, though, I can't see any particular traits that the sugar plantations selected for. Take sprinting ability: West Indians (sugar) and African-Americans (mostly not sugar) are both outstanding, while black Brazilians are not. Not bad, just not great.

On the other hand, a black Brazilian named Ronaldo da Costa set the marathon world record in 1998, which is almost unimaginable for an African-American or West Indian.

Why? A. There is less connection between looks and racial background in Brazil than in America due to the lack of a color line and preference for fair women. Consider two sisters in Brazil, one fair and one dark. The fairer one is more likely to marry a richer, whiter man, while the darker one is more likely to marry a poorer, black man. Repeat for 12 generations and you've substantially disconnected the genes for looks from all the other genes. (In the U.S., the color line largely prevented this process.) So, perhaps, even somebody as black-looking as da Costa could have the athletic genes of a Portuguese distance runner.

B. The alternative theory is that da Costa is largely descended from South or East Africans. Brazil got a lot of its slaves out of those regions that today produce so many fine distance runners. In contrast, the U.S. got most of its slaves from West Africa, which has the same imbalance today as African-American between outstanding sprinters and virtually non-existent distance r


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

Black athletes and testosterone

From the Jamaica Gleaner:


The athletic prowess of Jamaicans
by William Aiken
Dr. William Aiken is the head of Urology at the University Hospital of the West Indies and president of the Jamaica Urological Society

The sprinting prowess of African-Americans and Afro-Caribbean people in general and Jamaicans in particular is legendary and is demanding of serious scientific enquiry and research. It cannot be coincidence that over the years the fastest men and women in the world were born in Jamaica. Herb McKinley, Arthur Wint, Donald Quarrie, Linford Christie, Donovan Bailey, Ben Johnson, Bert Cameron, Michael Frater, Asafa Powell, Merlene Ottey, Sherone Simpson, Veronica Campbell, Deon Hemmings, Bridgette Foster-Hylton and Sanya Richards come readily to mind...

While it is clear that good sport administration, excellent coaching, proper nutrition and adequate funding and facilities are vital to achieving athletic greatness, in the absence of raw athletic sprinting ability this will not occur.

I wish to propose a hypothesis that addresses not only the aspect of Jamaica's raw athletic talent, but also encompasses an explanation of seemingly diverse phenomena as our high incidence of prostate cancer (one study found it to be by far the highest in the world at 304 / 100,000 men / year), our high crime rate (murder capital of the world status earlier this year), our high road traffic accident and fatality rate, and our alleged high levels of promiscuity.

What do these seemingly disparate phenomena, characteristic of Jamaican life, have in common? On close examination these phenomena are manifestations of high levels of aggressiveness and drive, high libidos, highly efficient muscles from persons of lean body mass and black ethnicity.

On closer scrutiny all of these phenomena are either related to high circulating levels of testosterone or alternatively to high levels of responsiveness of testosterone receptors to circulating testosterone. It has already been shown that the testosterone receptors of blacks are different genetically to those of whites and this difference confers increased responsiveness to testosterone.


I've long felt that Occam's Razor points in the same direction. Differences in average levels of male and female sex hormones and in function of sex hormone receptors can parsimoniously account for many of the racial patterns that can't be accounted for by differences in IQ.

I'm not as persuaded, however, that Dr. Aiken's specific theory attributing differences to the Middle Passage is as plausible.


I propose that Jamaicans of primarily African descent have even greater testosterone responsiveness than blacks anywhere else.

But why should this be? I believe the answer to this lies in the slave ship routes within the Caribbean and the New World. First, let us assume that all Africans who survived the trek from the African interior to the West African coast and subsequently the middle passage would have been more or less subject to the same inhumane conditions which would have produced a severe selection pressure that enabled only the fittest slaves to survive the journey.

My hypothesis is that for each incremental increase in the journey travelled, once the slave ships entered the Caribbean, there was a corresponding selection pressure which ensured that only the fittest of the fit slaves survived and furthermore the traits which enabled survival were somehow dependent on high levels of responsiveness to testosterone. Characteristics such as aggression, determination, drive, strong bones, lean body mass, high surface area to body mass ratio, highly efficient and responsive muscles were probably all important for survival and are testosterone-dependent.


The math doesn't really work. Steven Levitt's partner Roland Fryer has revived a similar theory about African-American blood pressure problems being caused by selection for salt retention on slave ships. Greg Cochran explained to Fryer:


"The reason it wouldn't have an important effect is that you don't get a lot of genetic change in one generation unless you try _really_ hard. If they lost the bottom 15% of the people (in terms of salt retention) during the Middle Passage, a cutoff of about one std below average, the increase in salt retention would be about a tenth or so of a standard deviation, assuming a narrow-sense heritability of 50%. You'd never notice the difference."


Nonetheless, Aiken makes an interesting observation about clinal difference within the West Indies:


Since Jamaica was one of the last stops to be made by the slave ships it ensured that only the most resilient and fittest of slaves were alive to disembark in Jamaica. This hypothesis is supported by a number of observations. African-Americans and Afro-Caribbean people are represented far more frequently in sprinting events than persons from Africa. Even more interesting is that as one goes westward within the Caribbean, sprinting prowess becomes more prevalent and reaches its peak by the time Jamaica and Bahamas are reached.


West Indian countries are definitely better at sprinting than West African countries, although the weakness of West Africa at sprinting is often exaggerated. West Africa would be the strongest sprinting region in the world if not for the competition from the West African Diaspora in places like Jamaica and the U.S. I would tend to assume that the West Indian superiority over West Africa is due to advantages in health, nutrition, and social organization, rather than in genetic differences.

What about the clinal difference within the Caribbean? The most striking example is Barbados, whose citizens are renown for being the best educated and most civil of all the West Indians. Barbados was the richest and most easterly of the West Indies.

An alternative theory is that the clinal pattern is due to artificial rather than natural selection. According to the PBS series The Story of English, as the first stop for the slave ships coming from Africa, the wealthy slaveowners of Barbados had their pick, and they preferred to buy slaves from tribes they had found to be the most cooperative. Then they'd send the leftovers from the Bad Dude tribes on to be sold in Jamaica and the U.S.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

November 26, 2006

Michael Irvin on Tony Romo:

Back in the 1990s, in between getting arrested in the company of hookers and cocaine, Michael Irvin caught a lot of passes for the Dallas Cowboy Super Bowl teams. This year, a journeyman white quarterback named Tony Romo (who is half Mexican-American) has suddenly gotten red hot, throwing five touchdown passes in the Cowboy's Thanksgiving Day victory. On Dan Patrick's ESPN radio show, Irvin, who is employed as a broadcaster by ESPN, laughingly suggested that:


"He doesn't look like he's that type of an athlete," Irvin said of Romo. "But he is. He is, man. I don't know if some brother down in that line somewhere, I don't know who saw what or where, his great-great-great-great-grandma ran over in the 'hood or something went down."

Patrick tried to suggest to Irvin that he shouldn't go there, but Irvin was having none of it, continuing:

"If great-great-great-great-great-great-great-great grandma pulled one of them studs up out of the barn, 'Come on in here for a second,' you know, and they go out and work in the yard. You know, back in the day."


It's common for white announcers to lose their jobs after referring to the genetic differences between black and white players, such as Paul Hornung who lost his radio job on Notre Dame games after suggesting that ND needed to lower its academic standards so it could recruit black players fast enough to compete with the Florida powerhouses.


So far there hasn't been much of a controversy over Irvin's comments. It's worth noting that it reflect the view widespread among famous black athlete that blacks tend to be genetically superior athletes. It's politically incorrect, but, hey, they're black so the usual rituals of censorship and public humiliation seldom apply to them.


Ironically, this racial self-assurance comes at a time when blacks aren't doing as well athletically as in the 1990s. Three of the four claimants to the heavyweight boxing title are Ivan Drago types from the former Soviet Union. The US. Olympic Basketball tem got beat pretty bad in the 2004 Olympics, losing to Argentina, Puerto Rico, and Lithuania. A white Canadian has won the NBA MVP award two years running. A Chinese player is the best center now that Shaq is in decline. The two best 400m sprinters are white Americans. A Chinese runner won the 110m hurdles at the last Olympics. An all white team won the World Cup.


On the other hand, blacks continue to dominate the 100m sprint (in the last six Olympics going back through 1984, all eight men who made the finals have been of West African descent, an amazing 48 of 48). African-Americans also continue to dominate at tailback and cornerback in the NFL, holding all the starting positions, last I checked. Blacks continue to dominate most of the statistical categories in the NBA.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

November 22, 2006

Dept. of "Huh?"

An LA Times op-ed columnist weights in on two recent brouhahas:

The O.J.-Kramer divide: Recent flaps show that we're more tolerant of a white man's blunder.
Erin Aubry Kaplan:

But the reality is that there is far more tolerance for a white person's unseemly behavior than for similar behavior of somebody who isn't white, especially if the unseemliness involves race. [Michael] Richards' "racist rant" has been described as a terrible but isolated incident. O.J., meanwhile, is condemned for his character.


No, OJ's condemned for damn near sawing two people's heads off, plus whatever else he did to Ron Goldman.

Speaking of Michael Richard, whose Kramer character on "Seinfeld" might have been the consistently funniest supporting character in the history of American television, comparable to Andrew Sach's Manuel on "Fawlty Towers," I'm reminded that Tom Wolfe anticipated Kramer in a courtroom scene in 1987's Bonfire of the Vanities:


"Your Honor! Your Honor! Hey, Judge!"

It was Albert Krnkka. He was waving his right hand, trying to get [Judge] Kovitsky's attention. His arms hung open in a half smile that was supposed to convince the judge that he was a reasonable man. In fact, he looked, every inch of him like one of those wild tall raw-boned men whose metabolisms operate at triple speed and who, more than any other people on earth, are prone to explosions.

"Hey, Judge! Look."

Kovitsky stared, amazed by this performance. 'Hey, Judge! Look. Two weeks ago she told us two to six, right?'

When Albert Krnkka said "two to six," he raised both hands up in the air and stuck out two fingers on each hand, like a v for victory or a peace sign, and flailed them in the air, as if he were beating a pair of invisible aerial drums in time to the the phrase "two to six." ...

Larry Kramer moved over to where Patti Stulleri was standing and said, "What did they do?"

Patti Stulleri said, "The wife held a knife to a girl's throat while the husband raped her."

"Jesus," said Kramer in spite of himself.


Wolfe presumably based Albert Krnkka on fellow New Journalist Hunter S. Thompson, whom Wolfe affectionately described in the WSJ after Thompson's recent death:


He proved to be one of those tall, rawboned, rangy young men with alarmingly bright eyes, who more than any other sort of human, in my experience, are prone to manic explosions. Hunter didn't so much have a conversation with you as speak in explosive salvos of words on a related subject.


I don't know anything about Michael Richard off-camera, but I expect nobody could play Kramer for that long and that well without being rather like Kramer. Even if you are just acting when you start out, after 9 years, you are a little bit Kramer. The classic depiction of this tendency is Martin Landau's tremendous performance in "Ed Wood" as the elderly, washed-up Bela Lugosi, who after 25 years of playing Dracula, can't separate his main character from himself anymore.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

November 18, 2006

Not-Borat Speaks!:

A UK newspaper quotes extensively from Sacha Baron-Cohen's out-of-character interview with Rolling Stone, which reveals that the comic believes all those reviews explaining that his Polish Jokes are actually good for you.

Now, after staying resolutely in boorish persona during previous interviews, Sacha Baron Cohen has spoken in depth about his motives in creating his comical anti-hero Borat. The journalist from Kazakhstan who sings anti-Semitic songs and refers to women as prostitutes was created "as a tool" to expose people's prejudices, he said.

The 35-year-old Jewish comedian from London has maintained a long silence over the controversy raised by Borat, whose extreme anti-Semitic remarks have earned censure both from the Kazakh government and from the Jewish community.

In one sketch from Baron Cohen's film Borat: Cultural Learnings of America For Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan, which premiered this month in London, Borat performs a song called "Throw the Jew Down the Well" in a country and western bar in Arizona.

In an interview with Rolling Stone, the comedian revealed he was a devout Jew, observing Sabbath and eating kosher foods, and he referred to the singing scene to defend his inflammatory comedy.

"Borat essentially works as a tool. By himself being anti-Semitic, he lets people lower their guard and expose their own prejudices, whether it's anti-Semitism or an acceptance of anti-Semitism. 'Throw the Jew Down the Well' was a very controversial sketch, and some members of the Jewish community thought it was actually going to encourage anti-Semitism.

"But to me it revealed something about that bar in Tuscon. And the question is: did it reveal that they were anti-Semitic? Perhaps. But maybe it just revealed that they were indifferent to anti-Semitism," he said.

Baron Cohen said the concept of "indifference towards anti-Semitism" had been informed by his study of the Holocaust while at Cambridge University, where he read history. "I remember, when I was in university, and there was this one major historian of the Third Reich, Ian Kershaw. And his quote was, 'The path to Auschwitz was paved with indifference.'

"I know it's not very funny being a comedian talking about the Holocaust, but I think it's an interesting idea that not everyone in Germany had to be a raving anti-Semite. They just had to be apathetic," he said.

It's generally depressing to listen to extremely funny comedians get serious.

Udolpho says:

Who cares? But I didn't realize that apathy is best revealed through careful staging, audience prep, video recording, and editing of the results. Is Cohen really such a pedantic git that he thinks getting a bunch of drunken revelers to sing "Throw the Jew down the well" is proof of Western indifference about anti-Semitism? It's not even an indictment of country-western bars. (Cohen knows very well that it would be easier, not harder, to get an audience of Jesse Jackson supporters to sing that refrain. But this would make the urban sophisticates who howl with glee at this "transgressive" comedy very sad, so that's right out.)

To my mind, Baron Cohen and the critics have it exactly backwards. I try to be polite in private and candid in public, but that's not terribly fashionable. The critics are claiming to be outraged that the Americans in the film who were exposed to Borat's anti-Semitism and anti-Gypsyism in private didn't denounce him to his face. Instead, they tended to be polite and tried to change the subject. In contrast, almost none of critics have mentioned Baron Cohen's extremely public anti-Slavism. Complete apathy reigns over Baron Cohen's revival of traditional goyishe kop attitudes toward Slavs. As Lenin said, the ultimate question remains "Who? Whom?." And everybody wants to be on the side of the Who, not the Whom.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

Not-Borat Speaks!

A UK newspaper quotes extensively from Sacha Baron-Cohen's out-of-character interview with Rolling Stone, which reveals that the comic believes all those reviews explaining that his Polish Jokes are actually good for you.

Now, after staying resolutely in boorish persona during previous interviews, Sacha Baron Cohen has spoken in depth about his motives in creating his comical anti-hero Borat. The journalist from Kazakhstan who sings anti-Semitic songs and refers to women as prostitutes was created "as a tool" to expose people's prejudices, he said.

The 35-year-old Jewish comedian from London has maintained a long silence over the controversy raised by Borat, whose extreme anti-Semitic remarks have earned censure both from the Kazakh government and from the Jewish community.

In one sketch from Baron Cohen's film Borat: Cultural Learnings of America For Make Benefit Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan, which premiered this month in London, Borat performs a song called "Throw the Jew Down the Well" in a country and western bar in Arizona.

In an interview with Rolling Stone, the comedian revealed he was a devout Jew, observing Sabbath and eating kosher foods, and he referred to the singing scene to defend his inflammatory comedy.

"Borat essentially works as a tool. By himself being anti-Semitic, he lets people lower their guard and expose their own prejudices, whether it's anti-Semitism or an acceptance of anti-Semitism. 'Throw the Jew Down the Well' was a very controversial sketch, and some members of the Jewish community thought it was actually going to encourage anti-Semitism.

"But to me it revealed something about that bar in Tuscon. And the question is: did it reveal that they were anti-Semitic? Perhaps. But maybe it just revealed that they were indifferent to anti-Semitism," he said.

Baron Cohen said the concept of "indifference towards anti-Semitism" had been informed by his study of the Holocaust while at Cambridge University, where he read history. "I remember, when I was in university, and there was this one major historian of the Third Reich, Ian Kershaw. And his quote was, 'The path to Auschwitz was paved with indifference.'

"I know it's not very funny being a comedian talking about the Holocaust, but I think it's an interesting idea that not everyone in Germany had to be a raving anti-Semite. They just had to be apathetic," he said.

It's generally depressing to listen to extremely funny comedians get serious.

Udolpho says:

Who cares? But I didn't realize that apathy is best revealed through careful staging, audience prep, video recording, and editing of the results. Is Cohen really such a pedantic git that he thinks getting a bunch of drunken revelers to sing "Throw the Jew down the well" is proof of Western indifference about anti-Semitism? It's not even an indictment of country-western bars. (Cohen knows very well that it would be easier, not harder, to get an audience of Jesse Jackson supporters to sing that refrain. But this would make the urban sophisticates who howl with glee at this "transgressive" comedy very sad, so that's right out.)

To my mind, Baron Cohen and the critics have it exactly backwards. I try to be polite in private and candid in public, but that's not terribly fashionable. The critics are claiming to be outraged that the Americans in the film who were exposed to Borat's anti-Semitism and anti-Gypsyism in private didn't denounce him to his face. Instead, they tended to be polite and tried to change the subject. In contrast, almost none of critics have mentioned Baron Cohen's extremely public anti-Slavism. Complete apathy reigns over Baron Cohen's revival of traditional goyishe kop attitudes toward Slavs. As Lenin said, the ultimate question remains "Who? Whom?." And everybody wants to be on the side of the Who, not the Whom.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

1491

Charles Mann's book summarizing recent research into life in the pre-Columbian Western Hemisphere is quite interesting, although a little slippery. His main theme is how enormous the population of the Americas was before the epidemics introduced by the Conquest, but he tends to slide back and forth between whether he's talking about America north or south of the Rio Grande. For example, he talks a lot about Cahokia, or Monks' Mound, near St. Louis, which had a population of about 15,000 around 1000 AD, before falling apart a couple of centuries before Columbus. But this appears to have been just about the only sizable urban center north of the Rio Grande, which raises questions in my mind about just how densely populated the future U.S. was. If it was densely populated, why was it so little urbanized, especially compared to the enormous number of cities in what's now Latin America? There are a lot of dirt mounds in Midwest, but as tourist attractions, they are lacking compared to what you can see in Latin America.

Perhaps the problem was that corn was a rather late arrival in the future US from its origin spot in Mexico, and urbanization would have followed. Or perhaps, North American Indians just didn't see much point to building big cities and future tourist attractions.

The urbanization of Mesoamerica and the northern half of South America was quite high. We're all familiar with a handful of well-visited monumental ruins like Chichen Itza, the huge pyramids outside of Mexico City, or Machu Pichu, but there are countless others. Something that Mann doesn't quite realize is that urban life was more feasible in the New World than in the Old World precisely because of the lack of contagious diseases that was the downfall of the New World when the Spaniards arrived bearing Old World germs into a region with no immunity. In the Old World until late in the 19th Century, cities were typically "demographic sinks" where the death rate was higher than the birth rate due to infectious diseases. Cities had to be constantly replenished with newcomers from the healthier countryside or they would disappear.

The disease burden was particularly severe in Africa, which is a major reason why Africa is so lacking in monumental ruins. I would bet that Guatemala alone has an order of magnitude more ruins of impressive scale than all of sub-Saharan Africa. In Africa, when the population density got too high, diseases would wipe out the populace, which is a big reason why Africa was thinly populated until recently. This doesn't appear to have been anywhere near as severe a problem in tropical America, presumably because Indians didn't bring many disease with them from Siberia, and because they had so few domesticated animals to pick up germs from.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

November 15, 2006

Malcolm Gladwell's opinion of me

"Dealbreaker: A Wall Street Tabloid" has a funny post on my feud with Malcolm Gladwell and what Malcolm said about me in a bar.

The pattern underlying whom I choose to repeatedly pick on -- Gladwell, Steven Levitt, Michael Barone, Jared Diamond, etc. -- is that they each have the potential to do really good work. So, my ragging on them is a compliment, but it's also only natural that they take it personally.

The funny thing is that everybody gets what he wants: I'm right and they're rich. So, what's not to like?


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

Malcolm Gladwell on how to write hit movies

Gladwell has a looong article in The New Yorker entitled "THE FORMULA: What if you built a machine to predict hit movies?" about some market researchers who claim they can analyze unmade screenplays statistically and tell you how much money they will make, and how to make them more profitable.

While padded with endless human interest material about some not very interesting humans, it's less obviously fallacious than many of his recent efforts. The big problem is, as so often, Gladwell's nice-guy credulity, as he fails to push these researchers to document their claims to accurate prophecy. Having been in the market research business for many years, I can assure you that it's easy to draw up a list of right predictions you've made in the past, as these guys did for Gladwell, but it's a lot harder to predict the future. One of the businessmen says:

With Mel Gibson’s ‘The Passion,’ people always say, ‘Who could have predicted that?’ And the answer is, we could have.”


Well, swell. I could have, too. Granted, I didn't, technically speaking, predict that. But I could have.


What Gladwell should have done is tell them, "I'm Malcolm F****** Gladwell, the highest earning magazine journalist in America, and if you want me to write a huge article in the New Yorker about what geniuses you are, then you are going to have to pass my test. Here it is: Pick any ten movies scheduled for release over the next three months, read their shooting scripts, and then write down how much money they will make over their first four weeks of release. If you thoroughly beat the Hollywood Stock Exchange predictions, then I'll write the article. Otherwise, I won't."

It drives Gladwell crazy that I rag on him about how much money makes and how Leonard DiCaprio is signed to play Gladwell in the movie version of Blink. He goes through and deletes my comments on his blog (which he appears to have given up on, not surprisingly after all the embarrassments he has been through involving his blog this year). But, he misses the point, which is that I think it's a good thing that a magazine writer can make so much money, because somebody getting paid that much can afford to do a better job than the typical journalist.

The average business writer can't afford to make a cool-sounding start-up company wait four months to prove their bona fides in a test designed by the writer. Instead, Joe Journalist has to read the press release, make a few phone calls, and churn out some copy. Gladwell, in contrast, can afford to subject his subjects to whatever torture tests he devises. He can say, "I'm Malcolm Gladwell, bitch! Prove it!"

But he doesn't. Unfortunately, Gladwell isn't enough of a jerk to insist that his subjects prove their worth. His problem is that he's not egotistical enough. He's always getting wowed by the overwhelming genius of somebody with a complicated-sounding line of patter. He doesn't do simple reality checks on theories that smart-seeming people tell him because he's just not cynical enough. He really, truly admires all these people he writes about and believes they are all brilliant, even though their theories often contradict each other. (That's why his bestseller Blink made no overall sense whatsoever.)

As Gladwell wrote after breathlessly retailing a couple of economists' dubious explanation of Ireland's recent prosperity and getting shot down by Jane Galt and commenters on his own blog:


"I will confess to having a slightly reverential attitude toward academia. I'm the son of an academic. Much of my writing involves taking academic research and trying to translate it for a more general audience. And I've always believed that if you set out to write about the work of academic specialists, you have a responsibility to treat that work with respect-- to acknowledge your own ignorance and, where appropriate, defer to the greater expertise of others."


No, your job as a journalist is not to defer to the greater expertise of others, but to figure out what the key questions are to ask your subjects so readers can see if they really are the experts they claim to be.

Of course, you apparently can't become Malcolm Gladwell unless you are as big a sucker as Malcolm is. I'm sure PR flacks are inundating the New Yorker office daily with ideas for Gladwell stories because he doesn't have a skeptical bone in his body. And readers like that. Gladwell seems so genuinely confident that somewhere out there is some genius who can tell his readers exactly how to get rich, and that Malcolm will find him for them. And Malcolm's trusting nature is genuine. He believes in his own stories more than even his most devoted fans believe in them.

As for this article, it raises some interesting questions.

The first is the researchers' confidence that the screenplay is by far the key element in the money-making equation. In truth, I think the key to predicting box office is the budget. There's a reasonably high correlation between the overall expenditure and the box office take. Studios aren't stupid about what properties to invest heavily in.

Still, it's hardly unreasonable to to focus on the screenplay. The amount of acting talent that could do a reasonable job with most scripts is enormous these days.

Directors get more publicity than screenwriters, even though the screenplay is probably more essential. A major reason is that the director's job is far harder to do. It's like the difference between a staff general who draws up a battle plan on paper during the long years of peace and the line general who must execute it in the fog of war. Military historians like to praise Gen. Schlieffen, who drew up an elaborate plan for how Germany could win a two front war against France and Imperial Russia, and to denigrate Gen. von Moltke the Lesser, who botched Schlieffen's plan in 1914. Shlieffen, though, worked with relative leisure, while Von Moltke had to make decisions in real time.

Second, the article walks through a close analysis of the original and revised screenplays for "The Interpreter" an indifferently successful 2005 drama about goings-on at the UN starring Nicole Kidman and Sean Penn and directed by Sydney Pollack. Their advice boils down to, in effect, make it cheesier, more like "The Bodyguard." The marketing researchers' revised plot is exceptionally idiotic.

Since "The Interpreter," while trying to be a smart movie, ended up pretty dumb, that wouldn't have been much of a loss. But, that's not how Hollywood works. While "The Interpreter" was kind of stupid if you knew much of anything about Africa and the UN, it didn't seem stupid to Kidman, Penn, and Pollack (who don't). They wouldn't have made the movie if it was intentionally a lowest common denominator effort. It would have ended up getting made with, say, Josh Lucas and Sienna Miller in the lead roles, and then the studio wouldn't have given it much of a promotional budget because it didn't have big stars attached, and it still wouldn't have made much of a profit.

The scary truth is that Hollywood would make even lousier movies if everybody in town weren't constantly telling each other that they are geniuses who should save themselves for artistic cinema. Putting up with the inflated self-regards of Hollywood artistes is the price we pay for the occasional non-moronic movie.

Third, what you can't systematically predict based on the past is The Next Big Thing. Audiences eventually get bored with what they liked in the past, but you can't tell when. And what you definitely can't tell from your database is what they'll start liking in the future.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

November 14, 2006

How Big is "Borat" vs. How Small Is "Idiocracy"

How Big is "Borat" vs. How Small Is "Idiocracy:" A reader points out that Google now has recorded 96,000,000 pages with the word "Borat" on it, compared to 24,000,000 for "Titanic," which is only the biggest money movie of all time, one of the most famous incidents in 20th Century history, and a normal adjective in the English language.

In contrast, Mike Judge's similar but superior "Idiocracy" is being shot like a rabid dog by the same studio that has promoted "Borat" so deftly. A reader writes:

It seems Fox's filicide of Idiocracy at the box office wasn't enough: now they want to bury the corpse. They've set a release date of January 9th, the notorious post-New Year's dead spot for movies, and are pricing it at a ridiculous $27.95, which is an absolutely unheard-of price for a disc that's not in the Criterion Collection. Fox must really, REALLY hate this movie.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

Why the "Dumb and Dumber" of 2006

gets drafted into the Great American Status War: A reader writes:

It's pretty simple. "Borat," at its most basic level, is Stupid Foreigner humor. Look how much more enlightened we Americans are than these stupid people who beat their wives and drink horse urine. Isn't it funny to watch the foreigner make an ass of himself? This is totally politically incorrect (and indirectly nationalistic) and so they have to convince themselves that he's actually anti-American and thus politically correct. But if the Borat laughs *really* came from watching the 'stupidity of America unveiled', why did he still get laughs on SNL where everyone was in on the joke?

The tendency of politically correct critics to develop meta-justifications for politically incorrect comics like Sara Silverman and Dave Chappelle -- "They're not getting laughs from ethnic stereotypes, they're, uh, getting us to laugh at the stereotypicality of the stereotypes, you see. It's all very meta." -- might be pretty funny if the comedians themselves sometimes didn't fall for this nonsense.

The Jewish comedians like Baron Cohen and Silverman generally know how to play this game. Silverman, for example, occasionally throws in an intentionally stupid, untrue racial stereotype ("Mexicans smell bad") so all the nice white liberals in the audience can pretend her other stereotypes ("Asians are good at math") are dumb too, and that they are actually laughing at all those idiots conservatives who believe Asians are good at math, as if there is any such thing as race. Or math, for that matter.

But at least Silverman will occasionally tell the kind of Jewish joke that other Jewish comedians won't. Her best is:

I got in trouble for saying the word “Ch*nk” on a talk show, a network talk show. It was in the context of a joke. Obviously. That’d be weird. That’d be a really bad career choice if it wasn’t. But, nevertheless, the president of an Asian-American watchdog group out here in Los Angeles, his name is Guy Aoki, and he was up in arms about it and he put my name in the papers calling me a racist, and it hurt. As a Jew—as a member of the Jewish community—I was really concerned that we were losing control of the media.

Baron Cohen, in contrast, simply makes fun of the enemies of the Jews, whether from the 19th Century (the Slavic peasant Borat), the 20th Century (the Austrian Bruno), or the 21st Century (the Pakistani-Brit Ali G), with zero self-reflection. There's nothing wrong with that, but let's not get carried away about how brave or brilliant it is for an overdog to stick it to various underdogs.

The tragic case is Chappelle, who actually fell for the critics' wheeze that he wasn't poking fun at blacks, no, he was exposing the stereotypes held by bigoted white people who thought about blacks in the way Chappelle portrayed them. Then one day, a white man on his set laughed so hard, in such an un-meta way, that Chappelle finally realized that the whole meta theory was just white jive to justify laughing at funny black people. So, Chappelle ran off to South Africa and walked out on his $50 million contract.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

November 13, 2006

Future Prime Minister of Britain calls for criminalizing free speech


Tougher hate law reforms mulled

LONDON (Reuters) - Racial and religious hatred laws may need reform after a court cleared a far-right leader for the second time this year over a speech in which he called Islam a "wicked, vicious faith", ministers said.

Nick Griffin, leader of the British National Party, was found not guilty on Friday of inciting racial hatred during secretly filmed speeches in 2004.

Two senior ministers said the comments had upset most Britons and British Muslims needed reassurance that the laws would protect them.

"Any preaching of religious or racial hatred will offend mainstream opinion in this country and I think we have got to do whatever we can to root it out," Chancellor Gordon Brown told the BBC.

"If that means that we have to look at the laws again, I think we will have to do so."

Constitutional Affairs Secretary Charles Falconer said the country had to show it would not tolerate attacks on Islam.

"If you say Islam is wicked and evil and there is no consequence from that whatsoever, what is being said to young Muslim people in this country is that we ... are anti-Islam," he told the BBC.

Of the country's 60 million people, some 1.6 million are Muslims...

Griffin maintained throughout the trial that his comments were not racial and were designed to stir his audience to political activity.

Perhaps Tony Blair's presumed successor, Gordon Brown, should shepherd through Parliament an ex post facto law and bill of attainder specifically naming Nick Griffin as going to prison for violating in 2004 the Anti-Free Speech Law of 2007. And why not get rid of trial by jury while he's at it? Who can afford to care about 991 years of English constitutional liberties anymore when 2% of the population is Muslim?

More seriously, Americans should start to re-assess their tourism plans in light of the British Government's desire to criminalize free expression. How much longer can you afford to take the risk of vacationing in Britain when you could be arrested for, say, some comment you posted on somebody's blog? I can't imagine any other kind of arguments than "Tourists are money!" having any impact on getting Brown to rethink killing free speech.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

All "Borat" All the Time

A reader points to the August 13, 2004 article in The Forward by Nathaniel Popper about the notorious "Throw the Jew Down the Well" sing-along scene:

A very different picture, though, emerged from a conversation with the treasurer of the company that owns the bar, Carol Pierce, who said that she herself is Jewish. Pierce could be seen during the segment on HBO, laughing heartily behind her goateed husband.

In explaining her light-hearted take on Borat, she pointed out that what television viewers saw was only a few minutes of the two-and-a-half-hour performance that Borat gave when he came to Tucson, Ariz., in April. The rest of Borat’s performance, in which he sang about throwing his wife and family down the well, made it perfectly clear to Pierce that the man performing was a comedian in disguise — who was very funny.

“You could tell by the way they presented him. They brought him in and said he was an up-and-coming country music star,” Pierce recalled. “You could tell right away it was a wig he was wearing, and a fake mustache. I would say 99% of the people in here saw that, too.”

Well, actually it's his own hair. In fact, I used to have hair and a mustache just like Borat, about 1985. Good times, good times ...

What's annoying about the critics' hyping of ""Borat" is that they just can't let it be a funny movie, like "Dumb and Dumber." It has to be drafted into the Great American Status War. Look, it's not "Schindler's List." It's an expertly-done string of Polish Jokes. Why isn't that enough?


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

November 11, 2006

Most ironic "Borat" news story yet

The most annoying thing about the "Borat" mania is that we constantly get told that this isn't just a funny movie, like "Dumb and Dumber." No, "Borat" is Good For You, a landmark in the battle against prejudice, like "Schindler's List."

As I've pointed out, "Borat" isn't really about the Central Asian country of Kazakhstan. It's about reviving old Polish Joke stereotypes about Eastern Europe. As has often been mentioned, the "Kazakhstan" scenes weren't filmed in Kazakhstan, that supposed bastion of anti-Semitism and anti-Gypsyism, but in Romania.

Yet, while Romania is poor, how did the film makers come up with a village quite that dilapidated and feckless-looking?

From the UK Evening Standard:

Borat film 'tricked' poor village actors

When Sacha Baron Cohen wanted a village to represent the impoverished Kazakh home of his character Borat, he found the perfect place in Glod: a remote mountain outpost with no sewerage or running water and where locals eke out meagre livings peddling scrap iron or working patches of land.

But now the villagers of this tiny, close-knit community have angrily accused the comedian of exploiting them, after discovering his new blockbuster film portrays them as a backward group of rapists, abortionists and prostitutes, who happily engage in casual incest.

They claim film-makers lied to them about the true nature of the project, which they believed would be a documentary about their hardship, rather than a comedy mocking their poverty and isolation.

Villagers say they were paid just £3 each for this humiliation, for a film that took around £27million at the worldwide box office in its first week of release.

Now they are planning to scrape together whatever modest sums they can muster to sue Baron Cohen and fellow film-makers, claiming they never gave their consent to be so cruelly misrepresented.

Yeah, yeah, everybody wants to sue now that the movie is a hit.

But, here's where the story gets really interesting.

The comedian insisted on travelling everywhere with bulky bodyguards, because, as one local said: 'He seemed to think there were crooks among us."

Now why would an enlightened Cambridge grad like Sacha Baron Cohen, who wrote his thesis on Jewish aid to the black civil rights movement, be so prejudiced against some poor villagers? Oh, it looks like he had a reason:

Its 1,000 residents live in dilapidated huts in the shadow of the Carpathian mountains. Toilets are little more than sheltered holes in the ground and horses and donkeys are the only source of transport.

Just four villagers have permanent employment in the nearby towns of Pucioasa or Fieni, while the rest live off what little welfare benefits they get.

What kind of Eastern European village has an unemployment rate of 99%?

Have you figured it out by now? The funny thing is that the prejudiced Borat would have figured it out immediately:

The village, like others in the Dambovita region of Romania, is populated mainly by gipsies who say they are discriminated against by the rest of the country.

Indeed, when local vice-mayor Petre Buzea was asked whether the people felt offended by Baron Cohen's film, he replied: 'They got paid so I am sure they are happy. These gipsies will even kill their own father for money.'

In other words, Baron Cohen is making fun of, and 96% of the film critics of America are laughing along at, Gypsies, those other victims of the Holocaust.



The layers of irony are awfully thick here, aren't they?


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

November 8, 2006

Democrats win House vote 53-45. Or did they?

I make it a tradition to add up all the House votes to see which party did best in the midterm elections. Using the numbers on the Fox News website from about 24 hours after the polls closed, I come up with:

Democrats 36,648,024 51.2%
Republicans 33,262,303 46.5%
Other 1,660,487 2.3%
Total 71,570,814 100.0%

The problem with this, however, is that the Democrats had 30 seats where their House candidates were unopposed, so Fox didn't list a vote total, versus only 4 where the Republican candidates had a walkover. So, it was actually significantly worse for the Republicans. So, I decided to get the average number of votes for all parties for the 401 contested districts (178,481), and add that to the party totals for each walkover they had.

Democrats 42,002,449 54.1%
Republicans 33,976,226 43.8%
Other 1,660,487 2.1%
Total 77,639,162 100.0%

Now, that may exaggerate the Democrats' advantage because uncontested districts are likely to have lower turnout in general than competitive districts. So, if I assume that turnout would have been 80% of average in the 34 uncontested districts and the dominant party would have won 80-20, then I get:

Democrats 40,189,084 52.6%
Republicans 34,575,922 45.2%
Other 1,660,487 2.2%
Total 76,425,493 100.0%

Care to share your opinion on what is the best way to handle this methodological problem?


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

U.S. meddles in Nicaraguan election, gets burned

Former Sandinista boss Daniel Ortega was elected President of the Central American country, following a campaign in which the American ambassador repeatedly meddled in favor of an opposition candidate.

Interfering in Nicaragua during the Cold War was ugly but necessary during our struggle with the Soviet Union. But it's ridiculous to portray Venezuela as the new Soviet Union justifying American fiddling in countless minor countries. The current leftist surge in Latin America probably won't do Latin American any net good, but it's an indigenous response to very real problems in Latin America, and it needs to work itself out without the U.S. constantly interfering to prop up the wealthy white ruling classes of various little countries.

In reality, we're returning not to the Cold War but to the early 20th Century tradition of the U.S. government throwing its weight around at the behest of various special interests within the U.S. (See Marine Corps Gen. Smedley Butler's bitter "War is just a racket" speech about all countries he occupied to make more profits for specific American companies.) This is just like the sugar growers getting huge financial breaks from the American government -- it doesn't pay for you and me to organize to eliminate these favors because it would cut our sugar bill by a dollar a year or so per person, but it sure pays for the Fanjul family to buy some Congressmen to raise the price for them. Likewise, the impact of Nicaraguan economic policies, good or bad, on the overall American GDP is vanishingly small, but it does make a difference to certain interests within America.

My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

California going its own way

Republicans are doing fairly well out west. Arnold Schwarzenegger appears to be cruising to re-election, helped along by the Democratic candidate Phil Angelides bearing an unfortunate resemblance to Ichabod Crane from "The Headless Horseman" (and not the Johnny Depp Ichabod Crane from the Tim Burton movie). In California, that matters.

But, more strikingly, Tom McClintock, a genuine conservative, has a small lead for Lt. Governor. [Well, now he has fallen behind, but he's done well.]

It looks like Democrats will narrowly win most of the other Sacramento elective offices, but the Democratic Lt. Governor Cruz Bustamante's bid to be Insurance Commissioner is going down in flames. Bustamamante could have been elected governor in the 2003 special election by just running as what he always was, a moderate to conservative Democrat, while letting Schwarzenegger and McClintock split the GOP vote. But, bizarrely, Bustamante decided to campaign as if he was running for gobernador de Mexifornia, making illegal alien appreciation the main theme of his campaign, with predictably disastrous results. This time, Cruz ran as the weigh loss candidate, making his recent diet the centerpiece of his campaign. His defeat might say something in favor of the seriousness and non-superficiality of California voters, if it wasn't for the fact that even after he lost all that weight, he's still ugly.

In the LA Times exit poll, illegal immigration was listed as the most important issue by Schwarzenegger voters. I doubt if Schwarzenegger will do much about it ...

According to the national exit poll, Schwarzenegger won 60% of the white vote, 59% of the Asian vote, an above average 26% of the black vote (California blacks are a little more conservative than nationally, but that's still good), but only 34% of the Hispanic vote. California Hispanics are a little to the left of the national Hispanic voter, so that's not too bad for Schwarzenegger, but not very good either, especially considering he's running as a liberal Republican. In California, the white-Hispanic gap was 26 points (60-34), compared to nationally in the House races where it is now 22 points (51-29 at last count). So, Schwarzenegger won big in California despite losing in a landslide among Hispanics. For the last decade, the media has promoted the implicit myth that Hispanics in California cast Magic Ballots, worth far more than other voters' ballots. In truth, they (still) count every vote the same.

The Asian figure is very good for a Republican these days.

We'll see if Schwarzenegger can stay interested in his job for the next four years until he is term-limited out. I would guess he'd run for Senator after that, being constitutionally unable to run for President, and probably not a likely candidate for Secretary-General, Pope, Dalai Lama, Galactic Overlord or other jobs suitable to his ego. Half the time I think that having a steroid-powered bodybuilder-action hero as governor of the biggest state is a sign that it won't take 500 years for the America of "Idiocracy" to arrive. And the other half of the time, I think that Schwarzenegger really is something special.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

Well done, neocons!

Besides helping get us into this election-losing war, you've also brought about a realignment of the small but influential Jewish electorate -- even farther away from Republicans! According to the national exit poll for the House elections, the GOP carried an extraordinarily weak 11% of the Jewish vote, losing 87-11. I doubt if the GOP House candidates lost 87-11 among Jews in 1936.

The only time a GOP Presidential candidate has done that close to that badly among Jews was George H.W. Bush in 1992, who lost 80-11 in a three way race. He had angered Israel-enthusiasts by trying to take steps against West Bank settlements, and Bush the Elder also had Ross Perot in the race as a third party candidate.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

WSJ: "The crucial role of Hispanics:"

A reader writes:

The Wall St. Journal in its news pages points to the "crucial role of Hispanics" in this election? Can you find me a few where that was the case?

Oh, jeez, that again. If you prodded a Washington political reporter awake from a deep sleep and told him to start typing, his fingers would automatically punch in "the crucial Hispanic swing vote." He probably has it on a macro.

Compared to the 2002 midterms, the GOP's Hispanic share of the vote dropped from 38% to 29%, 9 points down, while the GOP's white share dropped from 58% to 51%, or 7 points down. (Those numbers have changed slightly since my VDARE blog item of last night.) Since the Hispanic vote follows the white vote up and down, just about 20 points shifted toward the Democrats (it's not a swing vote, it's a vote that goes with the flow of the white vote), the relative loss for the GOP among Hispanics versus the last midterm was 2 percentage points, which it would be reasonable to attribute to the Fence. Multiply that 2 percentage point relative loss by the approximate 6 percent share of the vote that Hispanics made up in this electorate, and you've got an itsy-bitsy number: 0.12%.

In most of your big Hispanic states, California, Texas, Florida, New York, there weren't too many close major races. Schwarzenegger lost the Hispanic vote almost 2 to 1, but still won overall in a near landslide.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer

November 7, 2006

"Borat" and the witch hunt for inappropriate remarks

From my upcoming review in The American Conservative:


"Borat," we are advised by film critics, is an Important Message Movie because it portrays Kazakhs -- and Red State Americans -- as anti-Semites... Manohla Dargis, movie critic for the New York Times, assures us the semi-scripted movie "will freeze your blood," exposing hidden anti-Semitism when Borat says something casually anti-Semitic to an American Southerner who fails to gasp with appropriate horror or to immediately perform a citizen's arrest and bundle the visitor off to a cultural sensitivity re-education camp. In truth, Borat must have struck most Americans not in on the joke as a harmless boob or a dangerous lunatic. In either case, humoring him would be the sanest strategy for getting him to go away.


And here's an essay that methodically works through just about every incident in the movie where Borat interacts with (presumably) real Americans:


Movie Review: Borat Makes America Look Good

Written by Al Barger

Here, I want to zero in on just one specific aspect: How the unwitting Americans came out. What I saw on the screen doesn't seem to quite jibe with what I'm reading in many stories about it. I keep reading that Cohen made fools of the Americans, setting them up to expose their dark sides, their racism and homophobia, etc. For example, Entertainment Weekly says "the people Borat talks to become the symbolic heart of America - a place where intolerance is worn, increasingly, with pride." But that's mostly not what actually showed up on the screen, by my best instant analysis...

But in the actual practice, the Americans he tricked into being in his film mostly acquitted themselves very well. None of these Americans seemed malicious or vicious, or even hateful. They were all pretty nice, and very open hearted. [More]


Sacha Baron Cohen's film crew shot so many hours of footage as they traveled across America that they even got a clip of a rodeo horse with a rider carrying an American flag falling down by accident (how often does that happen?), yet they weren't able to come up with much in the way of the red meat bigotry that so many film critics were so desperately hoping to see that they simply imagined it was there.

As for the most notorious Borat segment from the old Ali G show, when he gets some members of an audience in a country-western bar to sing along with the purported Kazakh song "Throw the Jew Down the Well," a clip which has been the subject of countless thumbsucking essays about the Meaning of It All, such as this one by Ron Rosenbaum in Slate, a participant in the Slate "Fray" responded:


Regarding the enthusiastic redneck responses to Borat's Jew-well-throwing songs--don't read too much into it. It's at least partly a product of editing. This is not to so that the sing-along barflies were not racist--hell, they probably were--but part of the genius of the Borat character originates in the editing room. It's not like he just walked out there, launched into a Jew-hating song out of nowhere, and the latently anti-semitic crowds joined right in. There's an article from the local AZ paper floating around the interweb somewhere, interviewing one of the bar patrons caught on camera singing along, who explained that, contrary to the way it looks in the edited clip, Borat had warmed the crowd up for some time, was pretty clearly doing a comedy routine, and had sung a number of pre-Jew verses about throwing your mother down the well, throwing your sister down the well, etc.


I haven't been able to find the original article to confirm this, but it certainly sounds more plausible than the conventional wisdom about the clip.


My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer